Growth versus acceleration
Growth measures a quarter’s change. Acceleration measures whether that growth rate is rising or falling.
QoQ growth = (current / prior − 1) × 100
Acceleration = current QoQ − prior QoQ
For example, moving from 10% to 15% growth is +5 pp acceleration, not 5% growth. Moving from −10% to −5% is also +5 pp acceleration, but the business is still contracting.
Two earlier quarters are included as calculation baselines, where verified, but are excluded from the 12-quarter tables and charts. Calculations use unrounded source values; display values are rounded. QoQ is not seasonally adjusted.
What “free cash flow” means here
Broadcom, NVIDIA and AMD use their published FCF reconciliations; Marvell FCF is calculated from its cash-flow statement. FCF is a non-GAAP liquidity measure, not earnings, and does not deduct acquisitions.
Broadcom / Marvell: operating cash flow − cash capex
AMD: continuing-operations cash flow − continuing-operations cash capex
NVIDIA: operating cash flow − cash capex − asset principal payments
Definitions differ: NVIDIA includes intangible-asset purchases and also deducts principal payments. AMD FCF and its exported CFO/capex exclude discontinued ZT manufacturing, while GAAP net income includes it. The export retains CFO-minus-cash-capex for all four companies on each stated scope; this removes NVIDIA’s principal-payment deduction but does not standardize discontinued-operations scope.
Cash-flow figures are quarter-only. Where a release reports cumulative year-to-date cash flow, the preceding year-to-date amount is subtracted; Q4 uses the full year less the first nine months.
Fiscal labels are not calendar labels
Companies’ 52/53-week calendars can change quarter lengths and end dates. Comparisons align roughly corresponding economic periods, not identically dated calendar quarters. No revenue, earnings or cash flow is reallocated into calendar quarters.
Net income needs context
Net income is GAAP, not “adjusted” or non-GAAP earnings. Stock compensation, acquisition amortization, taxes and one-time gains or charges can make earnings acceleration a poor proxy for operating momentum.
FCF is also affected by working-capital timing. Neither a single-quarter growth ranking nor this report is a valuation or investment recommendation.